拆解能暴露组成，也可能毁掉整体性质

Saruman 把白色说成一个可以继续加工的起点。白布可以染色，白纸可以覆写，白光可以分解。Gandalf 只回答了一句：分解以后，它已经不再是白色。

拆开成品以后，技术门槛才露出来 记录的是产品分析。把胸罩拆成十二种部件，确实能找到最难制造的调节环。这里保留另一条边界：有些性质只存在于组合之中。白光被分开以后，可以知道它由哪些颜色组成，却已经失去白色本身。信息与意义也可能存在于组合方式中。整体产生部分中没有的性质 时，拆解提供组成，不能单独提供对整体的理解。

‘And here you will stay, Gandalf the Grey, and rest from journeys. For I am Saruman the Wise, Saruman Ring-maker, Saruman of Many Colours!’ I looked then and saw that his robes, which had seemed white, were not so, but were woven of all colours, and if he moved they shimmered and changed hue so that the eye was bewildered. ‘I liked white better,’ I said. ‘White!’ he sneered. ‘It serves as a beginning. White cloth may be dyed. The white page can be overwritten; and the white light can be broken.’ ‘In which case it is no longer white,’ said I. ‘And he that breaks a thing to find out what it is has left the path of wisdom.’ J. R. R. Tolkien, The Fellowship of the Ring

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